Mining operations have to pulverize and chemically treat a massive amount of rock in order to extract a relatively small amount of useful minerals. The remaining pulverized rock, sand, and sludge from the extraction process, referred to as tailings, constitutes mining waste. The waste must be properly managed.

Proper management includes the construction of transport channels and containment systems that are durable enough to withstand the mining operations in addition to protecting the environment.

Phosphate Mining

Precious Metals